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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of 80m or two hundred sixty five feet. The tower crane's maximum lifting capacity is 16,642 kilograms or 39,690 pounds with counter weights of twenty tons. Additionally, two limit switches are utilized in order to ensure the driver does not overload the crane. There is even another safety feature referred to as a load moment switch to ensure that the operator does not surpass the ton meter load rating. Lastly, the tower crane has a maximum reach of seventy meters or two hundred thirty feet.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, particularly because of their extreme heights. At first, the stationary structure has to be brought to the construction location by utilizing a huge tractor-trailer rig setup. Next, a mobile crane is utilized in order to assemble the machinery part of the jib and the crane. Afterwards, these sections are connected to the mast. After that, the mobile crane adds counterweights. Forklifts and crawler cranes may be some of the other industrial machines that is utilized to erect a crane.
When the building is erected, mast extensions are added to the crane. This is how the crane's height could match the building's height. The crane crew uses what is known as a climbing frame or a top climber which fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. When complete, the slewing unit can detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an additional 20 feet or 6.1m. Next, the driver of the crane utilizes the crane to insert and bolt into place one more mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by definition is a container other than in the empty or tare condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers must be treated as loaded. To be able to maintain safety, when securing or handling containers, environmental conditions such as wind must be taken into account. The term loaded refers to the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. In order to guarantee that the centre of gravity is kept as low and central as possible, the load should be distributed throughout the container.
To be able to maintain safety, having an evenly distributed load is helpful to prevent excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability. An even load helps to prevent unacceptable load concentrations, and unacceptable vehicle axle loading.
With the load distribution in the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity varies. It is very essential that the designers of containers and handling machines take this into consideration during the engineering process. Like for example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in fifty percent of the length of the container measured from one end of the machinery, the eccentricity corresponds to 5%.
Make sure that the container is free to be handled and care has to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, so as to make certain that the equipment used is perfect for the load. Specific attention needs to be paid to the possibility of the container tilting due to the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When raising any container whose centre of gravity is eccentric or mobile, like for example a bulk container, a tank container or a container with a liquid bulk bag or a thermal container with a refrigerating unit, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging load, great care has to be taken when raising these.